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Computer Science - Physics - 29.09.2023 
’Munich is becoming a hotspot for quantum computing software’
Interview with Prof. Robert Wille on quantum computing software Most of us use software applications on a daily basis, for example when writing emails or surfing the internet. But how will future programs look like when new technologies such as quantum computers arrive on the scene? Prof. Robert Wille and his team are already developing the software of tomorrow today.
Physics - Astronomy / Space Science - 28.09.2023
Physics - Materials Science - 28.09.2023
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 28.09.2023
Health - Physics - 28.09.2023 
Wearable Patch Wirelessly Monitors Estrogen in Sweat
The sex hormone commonly known as estrogen plays an important role in multiple aspects of women's health and fertility. High levels of estrogen in the body are associated with breast and ovarian cancers, while low levels of estradiol can result in osteoporosis, heart disease, and even depression.
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 28.09.2023 
X-rays may tell us more about the origins of visiting space rocks
A research team led by a Yale astronomer has some advice for our next close encounter with a wandering, interstellar object. Check its X-rays on the way out. Since 2017, when a mysterious space rock known as -Oumuamua was spotted passing through Earth's solar system, researchers have become increasingly aware of the likelihood that interstellar objects cross through the solar system with some regularity.
Innovation - Physics - 27.09.2023 
IFIC and ENRESA develop innovative technology to characterise radioactivity stored in nuclear waste bulks
The Institute of Corpuscular Physics (IFIC, UV-CSIC) and the National Radioactive Waste Company (ENRESA) have developed a system to visualise the activity of waste stored in nuclear safety bulks. It is a technique that combines gamma ray tomography and artificial vision. Its portability and independence from the geometry of the radioactive waste allow complex tomographic reconstructions to be carried out, thus optimising nuclear waste classification processes.
Environment - Physics - 27.09.2023 
Desalination system could produce freshwater that is cheaper than tap water
MIT engineers and collaborators developed a solar-powered device that avoids salt-clogging issues of other designs. Engineers at MIT and in China are aiming to turn seawater into drinking water with a completely passive device that is inspired by the ocean, and powered by the sun. In a paper appearing today in the journal Joule, the team outlines the design for a new solar desalination system that takes in saltwater and heats it with natural sunlight.
Physics - 26.09.2023 
Making a femtosecond laser out of glass
Scientists show that it is possible to make a femtosecond laser that fits in the palm of one's hand using a glass substrate. Is it possible to make a femtosecond laser entirely out of glass? That's the rabbit hole that Yves Bellouard , head of EPFL's Galatea Laboratory, went down after years of spending hours - and hours - aligning femtosecond lasers for lab experiments.
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 26.09.2023
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 25.09.2023 
Methane and carbon dioxide found in atmosphere of habitable zone exoplanet
Astronomers have for the first time discovered carbon-based molecules in the atmosphere of an exoplanet in the habitable zone. The international team, which includes Cardiff University astrophysicist Dr Subi Sarkar, used data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect methane and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of K2-18 b. Orbiting a red-dwarf star 124 light years away in the constellation of Leo, K2-18 b is a 'sub-Neptune' exoplanet 2.6 times the size of Earth and 8.6 times the mass of Earth.
Physics - Chemistry - 25.09.2023 
Crystallization as the Driving Force
Scientists from the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena and the Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg have successfully developed nanomaterials using a so-called bottom-up approach. As reported in the scientific journal ACS Nano, they exploit the fact that crystals often grow in a specific direction during crystallisation.
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 25.09.2023 
Statistics of the invisible
In order to obtain information about dark matter and dark energy from the huge amounts of data to be generated by the new ESA probe Euclid, Innsbruck astrophysicist Laila Linke and her team are using novel statistical methods. As soon as Euclid sends its first data to Earth, the researchers intend to have a tool ready to gain new Astronomical measurements revealed that an unknown world lies hidden among all the pretty stars, nebulae and galaxies.
Physics - Computer Science - 25.09.2023 
New qubit circuit enables quantum operations with higher accuracy
The advance brings quantum error correction a step closer to reality. In the future, quantum computers may be able to solve problems that are far too complex for today's most powerful supercomputers. To realize this promise, quantum versions of error correction codes must be able to account for computational errors faster than they occur.
Physics - Health - 22.09.2023 
New microscopy method detects treatment-resistant cancer cells early
Chemotherapy is a powerful weapon against cancer, but certain cells resist treatment by entering a dormant stage called senescence. These therapy-induced senescent (TIS) cells may become resistant to therapy and even turn aggressive and spread. Detecting TIS cells early could be pivotal in preventing their growth, but current screening methods fall short in speed and accuracy.
Physics - Computer Science - 21.09.2023
Physics - Computer Science - 21.09.2023 
Virtual rail noise - close to reality
At Empa, acoustics experts have been investigating for years how noise is generated by passenger and cargo trains - and which technical and structural measures are particularly effective to prevent or at least reduce it. Their findings have now been incorporated into the SILVARSTAR project resulting in a simulation tool for rail noise that can help in practice.
Physics - Sport - 21.09.2023 
Unexpected curveball in miniature
Team of researchers including Göttingen University detect Magnus effect at microscopic level Whether you are familiar with the term -Magnus effect- or not, you have certainly seen it in action. It is when a spinning ball - for instance in football, cricket or baseball - bends away from its expected trajectory, often to the surprise of the opposing team.
Astronomy / Space Science - Physics - 20.09.2023 
Hiccups in the starry nursery
Before the light comes on and a new star shines, enough gas and dust must accumulate in a very small space for a star's energy source, nuclear fusion, to ignite. This by no means happens at rest. Matter swirls around, and before the star sees the light of day, violent birth labour is not uncommon. The new James Webb Space Telescope has turned its lens on such a spectacle, which reveals itself in unprecedented detail.
Chemistry - Physics - 20.09.2023 
Technique for 3-D Printing Metals at the Nanoscale Reveals Surprise Benefit
Late last year, Caltech researchers revealed that they had developed a new fabrication technique for printing microsized metal parts containing features about as thick as three or four sheets of paper. Now, the team has reinvented the technique to allow for printing objects a thousand times smaller: 150 nanometers, which is comparable to the size of a flu virus.
Physics
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Interview with Prof. Robert Wille on quantum computing software Most of us use software applications on a daily basis, for example when writing emails or surfing the internet. But how will future programs look like when new technologies such as quantum computers arrive on the scene? Prof. Robert Wille and his team are already developing the software of tomorrow today.
Scientists observe the influence of gravity on antimatter for the first time
Scientists have demonstrated the existence of gravity between antimatter and Earth, reaffirming Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. It is thought that Isaac Newton's historic work on gravity was inspired by watching an apple fall to Earth from a tree. But for decades, scientists have wondered what would happen to an "anti-apple" made of antimatter - would it fall in the same way if it existed? Until now, the question has left scientists with an incomplete picture of the Universe's gravitating content.
Scientists have demonstrated the existence of gravity between antimatter and Earth, reaffirming Albert Einstein's General Theory of Relativity. It is thought that Isaac Newton's historic work on gravity was inspired by watching an apple fall to Earth from a tree. But for decades, scientists have wondered what would happen to an "anti-apple" made of antimatter - would it fall in the same way if it existed? Until now, the question has left scientists with an incomplete picture of the Universe's gravitating content.
Accelerating Sustainable Semiconductors With ’Multielement Ink’
Key Takeaways Scientists have developed "multielement ink" - the first "high-entropy" semiconductor that can be processed at low temperature or room temperature. Multielement ink could enable cost-effective and energy-efficient semiconductor manufacturing. The new semiconducting material could accelerate the sustainable production of next-gen microelectronics, photovoltaics, solid state lighting, and display devices.
Key Takeaways Scientists have developed "multielement ink" - the first "high-entropy" semiconductor that can be processed at low temperature or room temperature. Multielement ink could enable cost-effective and energy-efficient semiconductor manufacturing. The new semiconducting material could accelerate the sustainable production of next-gen microelectronics, photovoltaics, solid state lighting, and display devices.
Cosmic Web Lights Up in the Darkness of Space
Like rivers feeding oceans, streams of gas nourish galaxies throughout the cosmos. But these streams, which make up a part of the so-called cosmic web, are very faint and hard to see. While astronomers have known about the cosmic web for decades, and even glimpsed the glow of its filaments around bright cosmic objects called quasars, they have not directly Galaxies in our universe condense out of swirling clouds of gas.
Like rivers feeding oceans, streams of gas nourish galaxies throughout the cosmos. But these streams, which make up a part of the so-called cosmic web, are very faint and hard to see. While astronomers have known about the cosmic web for decades, and even glimpsed the glow of its filaments around bright cosmic objects called quasars, they have not directly Galaxies in our universe condense out of swirling clouds of gas.
The sex hormone commonly known as estrogen plays an important role in multiple aspects of women's health and fertility. High levels of estrogen in the body are associated with breast and ovarian cancers, while low levels of estradiol can result in osteoporosis, heart disease, and even depression.
A research team led by a Yale astronomer has some advice for our next close encounter with a wandering, interstellar object. Check its X-rays on the way out. Since 2017, when a mysterious space rock known as -Oumuamua was spotted passing through Earth's solar system, researchers have become increasingly aware of the likelihood that interstellar objects cross through the solar system with some regularity.
The Institute of Corpuscular Physics (IFIC, UV-CSIC) and the National Radioactive Waste Company (ENRESA) have developed a system to visualise the activity of waste stored in nuclear safety bulks. It is a technique that combines gamma ray tomography and artificial vision. Its portability and independence from the geometry of the radioactive waste allow complex tomographic reconstructions to be carried out, thus optimising nuclear waste classification processes.
MIT engineers and collaborators developed a solar-powered device that avoids salt-clogging issues of other designs. Engineers at MIT and in China are aiming to turn seawater into drinking water with a completely passive device that is inspired by the ocean, and powered by the sun. In a paper appearing today in the journal Joule, the team outlines the design for a new solar desalination system that takes in saltwater and heats it with natural sunlight.
Scientists show that it is possible to make a femtosecond laser that fits in the palm of one's hand using a glass substrate. Is it possible to make a femtosecond laser entirely out of glass? That's the rabbit hole that Yves Bellouard , head of EPFL's Galatea Laboratory, went down after years of spending hours - and hours - aligning femtosecond lasers for lab experiments.
Listening to the Radio on the Far Side of the Moon
Key Takeaways Researchers can use the radio-quiet far side of the moon to listen for a never-before-heard signal from the "Dark Ages" of the universe. The LuSEE-Night experiment will act as a pathfinder for future experiments, testing equipment and techniques in the harsh lunar environment. The Berkeley Lab team is now building the experiment's antenna, which will head to the moon and hunt for radio waves.
Key Takeaways Researchers can use the radio-quiet far side of the moon to listen for a never-before-heard signal from the "Dark Ages" of the universe. The LuSEE-Night experiment will act as a pathfinder for future experiments, testing equipment and techniques in the harsh lunar environment. The Berkeley Lab team is now building the experiment's antenna, which will head to the moon and hunt for radio waves.
Astronomers have for the first time discovered carbon-based molecules in the atmosphere of an exoplanet in the habitable zone. The international team, which includes Cardiff University astrophysicist Dr Subi Sarkar, used data from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) to detect methane and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere of K2-18 b. Orbiting a red-dwarf star 124 light years away in the constellation of Leo, K2-18 b is a 'sub-Neptune' exoplanet 2.6 times the size of Earth and 8.6 times the mass of Earth.
Scientists from the Friedrich Schiller University of Jena and the Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nuremberg have successfully developed nanomaterials using a so-called bottom-up approach. As reported in the scientific journal ACS Nano, they exploit the fact that crystals often grow in a specific direction during crystallisation.
In order to obtain information about dark matter and dark energy from the huge amounts of data to be generated by the new ESA probe Euclid, Innsbruck astrophysicist Laila Linke and her team are using novel statistical methods. As soon as Euclid sends its first data to Earth, the researchers intend to have a tool ready to gain new Astronomical measurements revealed that an unknown world lies hidden among all the pretty stars, nebulae and galaxies.
The advance brings quantum error correction a step closer to reality. In the future, quantum computers may be able to solve problems that are far too complex for today's most powerful supercomputers. To realize this promise, quantum versions of error correction codes must be able to account for computational errors faster than they occur.
Chemotherapy is a powerful weapon against cancer, but certain cells resist treatment by entering a dormant stage called senescence. These therapy-induced senescent (TIS) cells may become resistant to therapy and even turn aggressive and spread. Detecting TIS cells early could be pivotal in preventing their growth, but current screening methods fall short in speed and accuracy.
VeriQuB: a European project for ensuring the reliability of quantum systems
How can we guarantee the reliability of quantum systems? This is the challenge being addressed by an ambitious European research project called VeriQuB, coordinated by the QAT team (Inria, École normale supérieure - PSL, CNRS) at the Inria Paris centre. Its aim is to identify new methods for verifying the performance of quantum computers using bosons.
How can we guarantee the reliability of quantum systems? This is the challenge being addressed by an ambitious European research project called VeriQuB, coordinated by the QAT team (Inria, École normale supérieure - PSL, CNRS) at the Inria Paris centre. Its aim is to identify new methods for verifying the performance of quantum computers using bosons.
At Empa, acoustics experts have been investigating for years how noise is generated by passenger and cargo trains - and which technical and structural measures are particularly effective to prevent or at least reduce it. Their findings have now been incorporated into the SILVARSTAR project resulting in a simulation tool for rail noise that can help in practice.
Team of researchers including Göttingen University detect Magnus effect at microscopic level Whether you are familiar with the term -Magnus effect- or not, you have certainly seen it in action. It is when a spinning ball - for instance in football, cricket or baseball - bends away from its expected trajectory, often to the surprise of the opposing team.
Before the light comes on and a new star shines, enough gas and dust must accumulate in a very small space for a star's energy source, nuclear fusion, to ignite. This by no means happens at rest. Matter swirls around, and before the star sees the light of day, violent birth labour is not uncommon. The new James Webb Space Telescope has turned its lens on such a spectacle, which reveals itself in unprecedented detail.
Late last year, Caltech researchers revealed that they had developed a new fabrication technique for printing microsized metal parts containing features about as thick as three or four sheets of paper. Now, the team has reinvented the technique to allow for printing objects a thousand times smaller: 150 nanometers, which is comparable to the size of a flu virus.
